This article analyses energy efficiency coefficients and their evolution in the air transport sector. The proposed … ’macro-level’ methodology allows obtaining energy efficiency coefficients and their growth rates (corresponding to the … period, energy efficiency improvements have been equal to 2.88% per year at the world level, with strong differences between …

standard of at least 40 years and in some countries, such as the United States, of 60 years) imposes significant costs on … German power producers, electricity consumers and the German economy. This article estimates the direct costs linked to the … shutdown of Germany’s nuclear power reactors before the end of their operational lifetimes. These are costs that are …

We investigate the relative efficiency of an agreement based on a uniform standard without transfers and one based on …

that must be satisfied by the arbitrage bounds on derivative securities prices, and we determine optimal hedging strategies …-selling costs and show that they can be quite sharp. …

We consider a financial market with costs as in Kabanov and Last (1999). Given a utility function defined on ${\mathbb …

We consider a mean-variance hedging (MVH) problem for an arbitrage-free large financial market, that is, a financial …

forward hedging and vertical integration are two separate mechanisms for demand and spot price risk diversification that both … forward hedging when retailers are highly risk averse. We illustrate our analysis with data from the French electricity market …