Global warming reveals that the current evolution of the world consumption is on an unsustainable path. Humankind's insatiable appetite for energy has sparked a new crisis. In a world where climate change has become a proven reality, there lies a deep uncertainty about the physical, economic and...

In a world where climate change has become a proven reality, it is clear that global energy consumption is currently on an unsustainable path. Humankind's insatiable appetite for energy has sparked a new crisis, and there is a deep uncertainty about what the long term physical, economic and...

To prepare for the first Kyoto Protocol commitment period (from 2008 to 2012) it decided to set up a European market for trading carbon dioxide by 2005. The volumes traded on this market and the solidity of its institutional foundation rapidly made it the epicentre of the global carbon market....

Adaptation has long been neglected in the debate and policies surrounding climate change. However, increasing awareness of climate change has led many stakeholders to look for the best way to limit its consequences and has resulted in a large number of initiatives related to adaptation,...

The purpose of this paper is to critically discuss the main advantages of introducing environmental regulation tools such as tradable permits markets. Current climate policies, the negotiations under way at the international level, and past experiences with emissions trading in the USA and...

Environmental challenges, and the potential solutions to address them, have a direct effect on living standards, the organization of economies, major infrastructures, and modes of urbanization. Since the publication of path-breaking contributions on the governance of environmental resources in...

The first phase of the REDD+ mechanism consists of helping countries to improve their capacity to carry out national forest inventories, notably to assess land-use changes and forest carbon stocks and fluxes. However, there might be some links between the funding of this first phase and the...