In this article, we analyse the dynamics of household per capita incomes using longitudinal data from Indonesia, South Africa, Spain and Venezuela. We find that in all four countries reported initial income and job changes of the head are consistently the most important variables in accounting...

We analyze household income dynamics using longitudinal data from Indonesia, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), Spain and Venezuela. In all four countries, households with the lowest reported base-year income experienced the largest absolute income gains. This result is robust to reasonable amounts...

Following the Green Paper dealing with the entrepreneurship in Europe, the European Commission put forward the thesis that Europe suffers from an «entrepreneurship deficit» in comparison to the US. This paper presents a model dealing with the consequences of managers’ optimism and pessimism...

Following the Green Paper dealing with the entrepreneurship in Europe, the European Commission put forward the thesis that Europe suffers from an “entrepreneurship deficit” in comparison to the US. This paper presents a model dealing with the consequences of managers’ optimism and...

The aim of our work is to study the Business Model (BM) of small and micro business (SMB) in West Africa. Our research is based on a conventionalist and institutionalist approach of the concept of BM. BM and the convention are our conceptual and theoretical initial choice, while the...