labour informality, self-employment, internal (rural-urban) and international migration, and labour force discouragement. It …

no direct transfer of employment from the formal sector to supposedly flourishing informal enterprises, but rather an …. Although migrants form more than three quarters of the active population in Nairobi, migration has not had a specific impact on … considerably. In the 1990s the combination of higher unemployment, lower female participation rate and reduced migration of males …