; the “need for the State”, particularly of the poorest; the extent of petty corruption; the reliability of expert surveys …

This paper analyzes the impact of corruption on the extent of trust in political institutions using a rich collection …, we set out to test the “efficient grease” hypothesis that corruption can strengthen citizens’ trust since bribe paying … institutional trust. Our findings reject this theoretical argument. We show that corruption never produces trust-enhancing effects …

In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) the informal sector is a major engine for employment, entrepreneurship and growth. The high … incidence of corruption is another distinctive feature of SSA. According to the last Transparency International Corruption … Perception Index almost 70% of SSA countries ranked register score below 3, indicating that corruption is perceived as rampant …

consider that registration provides at least partial protection from corruption. Besides, access to information, the market and …

shows that the two traditional visions of the consequences of corruption on trade coexist. …