Risk aversion is a key element of utility maximizing hedge strategies; however, it has typically been assigned an arbitrary value in the literature. This paper instead applies a GARCH-in-Mean (GARCH-M) model to estimate a time-varying measure of risk aversion that is based on the observed risk...

Financial risk model evaluation or backtesting is a key part of the internal model’sapproach to market risk management as laid out by the Basle Committee on BankingSupervision (2004). However there are a number of backtests that may be applied andthere is little guidance as to the most...