Unreliability in public transport means that actual departure and arrival times may deviate from the official timetable. Data on unreliability are usually uni-modal. In this paper we address unreliability from a multimodal perspective, implying a shift of attention away from the supplier towards...

Creative classes are usually found in inspirational, cultural environments. From that perspective, the presence of an attractive cultural or historical environment that is actively enjoyed by many people is a major asset for many cities. Cultural heritage has become a resource of both...

When we examine urban growth we often consider the dual relationship between variables that induce growth and variables that halt it. In this paper, we assume a mutual dependence between transportation costs and urban form, and by applying the morphogenetic algorithm, we determine the dynamic...