This report is the fifth in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...

This report discusses the pro's and con's of different types of policy instruments for climate policy in Finland in relation to a systematic selection and evaluation of these instruments given the dual objectives of effective emission reduction and lowest possible economic cost. It is stressed...

This paper is a survey which describes and explains in non-technical terms the logic behind various methodologies used in conducting retrospective quantitative evaluations of public policy programs. The programs usually have as their main targets firms or individuals who benefit from direct...

According to conventional wisdom, intergenerational transfers can survive, in the absence of altruism, only if the old are net recipients. I prove that this need not hold in an overlapping generations model with a fixed factor. For example, the middle-aged owning land may gain by providing...

Since the Finnish unemployment rate has rocketed to a very high level in the beginning of the 1990?s it is worth to study to what extent the unemployment rate prevailing today is due to cyclical or to structural reasons. In this paper we try to estimate two different indicators that represent...

Empirical equilibrium search models have attracted a growing interest in recent years. Estimation of such models has not been completely successful, however. This has led researchers to develop more sophisticated versions of the models, in an attempt to get a better fit to the data. This study...

In this paper we consider the effects of labour taxation on wages, unemployment and efficiency in a job matching framework. We derive labour market equilibrium with taxes in a model of endogenous job creation and job destruction under three alternative hypothesis of wage formation: Nash bargain,...

This publication contains the proceedings of a VATT seminar held in November 1999 in Helsinki. The purpose of the seminar was to assess greenhouse gas policy questions and related socio-economic research implications for Finland. Contributions come from both policy makers and economic...