We study the relationship between age and literacy skills in Canada, Norway and the U.S. – countries that represent a wide range of literacy outcomes -- using data from the 1994 and 2003 International Adult Literacy Surveys. In cross-sectional data there is a weak negative partial...

Literacy is central to the improvement and betterment of any society. Individuals cannot fully engage in social and political discourse, and are more likely to become less-than-equals in society without basic literacy to pursue their goals. On the individual level, more literate individuals tend...

In this paper we first analyze the determinants of training using data from the 2003 International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey (IALSS). We find that education plays a key role in the receipt of all forms of training except in the case of employer-sponsored training. We also find substantial...

This paper shows that changes in the skill requirements of jobs are one way by which economic downturns affect job match quality. In doing so this paper makes two contributions to the literature. The first contribution is to document a stylized fact about the cyclicality of skill requirements...

Au Canada, environ 20 % des emplois sont réglementés. En moyenne, ces emplois sont mieux rémunérés car ils exigent en général un meilleur niveau d’éducation ou de formation et la réglementation contrôlant l’accès à ces emplois tend à en restreindre l’admission. La politique...

Examples of educational mismatch and overqualifcation in the labour market can often be found in the same office building – the clerical worker with a bachelor’s degree reporting to a manager with a high school education – as an example. Some have argued that mismatch in...

About 20% of Canadians work in regulated occupations. On average, regulated occupations are expected to provide higher pay because they generally require a high level of education and/or training, and the regulations governing access to these occupations tend to restrict entrance into them....