There are two competing views on how immigration would affect local labor markets. When immigrants offer skills similar … is effective, immigration might lead to out-migration of the nonimmigrant population from a community in the short run …. Models in location-choice studies usually examine the migration decision in two separate processes: whether-to and where …

rates. Since Canada has a point system that targets skilled immigrants to reduce the labor shortages in specific markets, it … workers into Canada rather than a stream of “substitute†foreign labor that competes with native-born workers for the … existing jobs; however, if a “substitution†situation is the reality immigration can lead to out-migration of the non …

Waterloo) focuses on the fertility outcomes of migrants around the years immediately before and after migration. Using data … show the lowest levels of fertility during the first years after migration. In fact, these groups do not reach parity with … the highest levels of fertility among all migrant groups, relative to the native born, earlier in the migration process. …