In this review, I discuss the role of African institutions in general and pre-colonial institutions in particular in … fractionalization, the slave trades, colonial rule, underdevelopment, and failed aid -- operate largely through institutions. Bad … institutions themselves directly affect modern growth. Pre-colonial institutions also matter for present-day outcomes. I look at …

level of developed economies in terms of welfare (GDP per capita) and the quality of institutions. We focus on the impact of …

particular, institutions, mainly market and political one, appear to be a strong foundation for a rapid but irreversible shift … institutions has emerged recently as a major subject of interest. The literature shows that the higher the quality of domestic … institutions the better the effects on the Human development and growth of a country. The aim of this paper is to analyse in a more …

important for the current economic crisis and European unemployment: (6a) The analysis is an element in the explanation of the …

relevant institutions are more comparable across centuries in the United States than across advanced countries over the last …

and the unemployment rate, and permanent immigration in France over the period 1994-2008. It uses a new database where … immigration. In addition, family immigration from non-OECD countries reduces unemployment. Moreover, GDP per capita increases … immigration while the unemployment rate reduces labor migration. …

age and an earlier unemployment episode. An increase in educational level, on the other hand, leads to a decline in the …

recession and unemployment in industrial countries, and the emergence of protectionism. Second, the changing international … perceived limitations of the existing international financial institutions. …