, downwards as well as upwards. Though one might readily provide evidence that the MRP of various kinds of labour, in England and … price-index and cost of living, in both of these countries. For England, the cost-of-living index is measured by the well … years after the Black Death. In England, furthermore, where most craftsmen and workers had suffered a fall in money wages in …

intensive forms of industry. Hamilton’s analyses of price and wage data for 16th- and 17th-century Spain, France, and England … prices; and that early-modern England had experienced the greatest degree of such ‘profit inflation’. Such a contrast in … their national economic experiences helps to explain, in Hamilton’s view, why Spain subsequently ‘declined’, while England …

era when the ‘draperies’ or cloth industries of the late-medieval Low Countries and England had become increasingly … transaction costs that, in turn, had three major consequences for the Low Countries’ and England’s textile-based economies: (1) to … Countries and England to re-orient their export-oriented cloth production more and more towards high-priced ultra-luxury quality …

of annuities or rentes, and bills of exchange, is generally thought to have originated in eighteenth century England; but …

real wages for building craftsmen and their journeymen-labourers in southern England, Flanders, and Brabant, in the late …. Using the working papers for Phelps Brown & Hopkins’ very famous price and real-wage indexes for England (1264-1954), which … either England or Flanders, but was instead followed by a quarter century of falling real wages, because rampant inflation …