For almost two decades, regional integration in the post-Soviet space has remained one of the most talked about issues of economic policy. There are hundreds of initiatives and projects that aim for deepened co-operation between countries in the region. At the same time, to determine the...

The European Union (EU) has become an icon of successful regional integration. Despite this success, the on-going integration process has two different speeds; while economic integration has been fast, steady, and assertive, political integration has been slow and demoralizing at times. This is...

Economic integration is defined as the elimination of economic borders between two or more savings. In turn, an economic border demarcation over which any actual or potential mobility of goods, services and factors of production and communication flows, is relatively low. On both sides of a...

This is a pre-publication version of an article published by the journal ‘America Latina XXI’. It was originally produced as a tribute to Hugo Chavez and a critical reflection on his reception outside Venezuela, on the occasion of his death.

This article discusses the phenomenon of poverty under a multi-method approach. This in principle provides a theoretical tonnage based on the revision of some works by some scholars, who have ventured on the scourge analyzed in some countries including Venezuela, to well, make way for a deeper...

Despite the voluminous literature on direct foreign investment in the 1960s and 1970s, the empirical evidence on spillovers from foreign sources of equity investment remains slim. This chapter draws on new data sources for Cote d'lvoire, Morocco, and Venezuela to explore two related questions....

In January 1999, Hugo Chavez was sworn like the president of the Republic of Venezuela. In the late 1999 was approved the Bolivarian Constitution and was the beginning of the V Republic. Currently, after 14 years, Venezuela is governed by his politic party. This article starts a research work to...

“Being rich in energy resources – a blessing or a curse” finds that an energy resource curse plagues many EU supplier states. This in turn directly affects Europe’s energy supply security and threatens to engulf Europe in unwanted hostilities at home and abroad. The study addresses seven...

The aim of this paper is to present the theoretical basis of public diplomacy and the characteristics of methods and areas of cross-border cooperation conducted by local governments in Podlaskie Voivodship. Report, in particular, draws attention to the civic and local government dimension of...

Studies presented in this publication were aimed at provide data necessary for the conducting of local government and citizenship dimension of the enlarged Polish foreign policy in Podlaskie region. The main objective was to investigate the diagnosis, as the local government units,...