the effects of oil price, external reserves and interest rate on exchange rate volatility in Nigeria using annual data … exchange rate volatility in Nigeria; which implies that exchange rate is susceptible to changes in oil price. The study … rate volatility significantly in Nigeria. …

autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. Trend and volatility are estimated jointly with the maximum likelihood …

This study examines the effects of terms of trade and its volatility on economic growth for a sample of 94 developed … estimation results indicate significant positive effect of terms of trade on economic growth. Furthermore, volatility of terms of … has been performed using different additional variables, sample size and various proxies of volatility variable. The …

, growth volatility emerge. This indeterminacy can be eliminated by an institutional mechanism that commits to a minimum level … growth path, we argue that such structural differences can account for the negative correlation between volatility and growth. …

This paper investigated the effect of terms of trade growth and its volatility on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa … effect on economic growth. Furthermore, the result proved that volatility of net barter terms of trade and income terms of … volatility measures. …

This study investigates the effect of terms of trade and its volatility on economic growth in India by using the annual … between terms of trade and economic growth. On the other hand, volatility of terms of trade has negative and significant … exports to minimize the volatility in terms of trade to ensure economic growth in the country. …

This paper examines the effects of trade on economic growth and growth volatility. Using the 1967-1975 closure of the … recession or economic slowdown. There is no evidence that trade reduces growth volatility, however. …