-specific institutional factors – financial, legal, and labor market institutions – affect the group-innovation relationship. The empirical …, GAFs are more innovative than SAFs: we estimate the innovation propensity of GAFs to be 9% higher than that of SAFs …

The article discusses recent advances and future challenges in innovation studies. First, it separately considers four … main strands of research, studying innovation at the organisational, systemic, sectoral and macroeconomic levels. Then … technological and institutional change; the role of demand; and the impacts of innovation on individual and collective welfare …

, (4) policy driven, (5) production driven and (6) innovation driven. The management style of local R&D sites is different …, market, policy and production driven), networking with local innovation system (local firms, university and public research … (subsidiary and local players) is important for innovation driven R&D. In addition, it is important to manage the balance between …