Each of the three chapters of this thesis is related to a specific aspect of financing and concerns, respectively, governments, corporations, and households. The first chapter studies the determinants of euro-denominated Central and Eastern European (CEE) government bond spreads that reflect the...

By using an existing and a new convergence measure, this paper assesses whether bank loan and bond interest rates are converging for the non-financial corporate sector across the euro area. Whilst we find evidence for complete bond market integration, the market for bank loans remains segmented,...

Home equity is the most important part of a household portfolio, but only recently has it become more accessible through innovations in the mortgage market and financial deregulation. This study looks at the factors driving home equity withdrawal on a household level using Dutch survey data and...