-industrial states relied on private individuals to collect taxes; (ii) why after 1600 both England and France moved from competitive … self-undermining in England where it was quickly replaced by direct collection, but lasted in France until the French …

economic growth in France over the period 1961-2006 with using geostatistical models (kiriging and inverse distance weighting …

economic growth in France over the period 1960_2005 with using geostatistical models (kiriging and IDW). This approach imitates …

. The relationship obtained for France is characterized by A0=-1, A1=4, A2=0.095, t0=4 years, and t1=4 years. For GDP … Banque de France monetary policy introduced in 1995 does not disturb the long-term links. All the individual relationships … force change indicates that since 1995 the Banque de France has been wrongly applying the policy fixing the monetary growth …

intensive forms of industry. Hamilton’s analyses of price and wage data for 16th- and 17th-century Spain, France, and England …). But they had to rely on the same dubious and indeed often untrustworthy price and wage data for England and France (and of …