This paper uncovers over 10 central level and over 150 provincial/municipal level patent targets, mostly to be met by … the absence of important criteria for ensuring patent quality. Further, the overly heavy focus on just a few types of … quantitative patent targets (e.g., for patent applications and patents granted) overshadows the type of benchmarking that better …

This study aims to frame the innovation process between the two sectors of the economy: public and private. Innovation … is recognized as the basis for long-term economic development, issues raised by Kondratiev and Schumpeter. Innovation … corporations to support and promote innovation processes. It can not belong or should not belong exclusively to only a sector or …

-run technological innovation. In the following article, this wisdom is tested using data on international patent activity, scientific … structured to adapt to innovation’s gale of creative destruction. Meanwhile, centralized states, even when democratic, have come …

the second scenario. Such conditions imply the existence of an inverse-U shaped relationship between innovation and …

Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) protection in terms of its impact on innovation and technology transfer, as well as economic … surveying the theoretical and empirical literature linking the protection of IPRs to economic growth, innovation and technology …

A special characteristic of the patent system is that it features multiple patent-policy levers that can be employed by … policymakers. In this study, we develop a quality-ladder model to analyze the optimal mix of patent instruments. Specifically, we … consider (a) patent breadth and (b) the division of profit in research joint ventures. We analytically derive optimal patent …

We construct a model of dynamic endogenous product innovation and international trade, using it to calculate the … spur innovation of Northern goods and to make available greater resources for Northern production of current consumption …

). The first part of this paper introduces different patent-policy instruments and reviews their effects on R&D and economic … empirical evidence on the effects of patent rights. Then, the second part considers the international aspects of IPR protection …. In summary, this survey draws the following conclusions from the literature. Firstly, different patent-policy instruments …