on existing literature, we argue that ex ante regulation could represent a danger for the long-term development of the … infrastructures. We also argue that ex ante regulation is distorting investment itself: incremental investment is privileged as … opposed to radical investment. In this context, we identify three possible options for regulation in the near future: 1 …

regulation and thus to regulatory institutions. Regulation should have positive effect on social welfare. But state intervention … distinguish between direct and indirect costs of regulation: Direct costs occur in relation with the institutional design of the …

to ex ante regulation and those that are subject to competition law alone. The paper lays out the methodology for … identifying relevant markets that may be considered for ex ante regulation. It also provides a summary of the relevant markets … that should be susceptible to ex ante regulation based on an analysis of conditions likely to prevail in a ‘representative …

graduated regime of regulation with a lighter-touch approach in view of such services, is presented along with the main lines of …

building new networks. Traditional cost-based regulation, which focuses on issues of static efficiency and service … ex ante regulation contingent to the tendency towards effective competitive structures. Unlike the standard Significant … a result, our proposal of contingent regulation in emerging markets promotes infrastructure-based competition in …

Regulation is presumed to be designed to avoid (potential) market failures,usually because of firms' market power, the … consequence of which leads to a decrease in economic welfare. However, the cost of regulation may outweigh any effects policy …