Dollar/Euro exchange rate from the inception of the Euro in 1999 to the end of 2007. The major result of the paper is that … coefficients on inflation and the real economic activity measure are constrained to be the same for the U.S. and the Euro Area and …

The sovereign debt crisis that deepened within the last three years in particular Eurozone countries makes up one of … European Monetary Union and the introduction of the euro as a single currency in the late 1990s. Finally, the study also …

, because of speculation moves in and out of the U.S. Dollar and the Euro depending on their return, increasing volatility. U … influence in this most important policy arena. It will focus on the U.S. Dollar decline as the Reserve Currency, on the Euro …

the euro which has shown the weaknesses of the European institutions and stressed the heterogeneity of member countries …. The global financial crisis struck the euro area very severely because it coincided with the lack of appropriate policy … euro. In the following section it describes the euro crisis and examines the remedies put in place, noting that despite the …

One solution to the euro crisis as a debt crisis can be found in stimulating economic growth. The Troika has proposed … wages only will not solve the euro crisis. Only in the case of Greece, Europe’s biggest 'problem child', would a general …

of a future Europe without the Euro as state of political and economic marginalisation. I am contrasting this vision by … demanding European values and civic duties that make the common currency Euro sustainable: solidarity among Europeans and … Euro als Zustand von politischer und wirtschaftlicher Bedeutungslosigkeit. Dagegen stelle ich europäische Werte und …

This paper estimates the speed and determinants of euro adoption across Italian provinces by exploiting the natural … experiment in early 2002 when euro and lira dually circulated as legal tender. A unique data set with daily observations on the … net flows of euro banknotes from the branches of the Bank of Italy, province by province, is used. The speed of euro …

French taxpayer. In the aftermath of the devaluation of the Franc CFA in 1994, and of the peg of the currency to the Euro in …

In common with the other periphery countries that joined the euro-zone in 1998-2000, Spain enjoyed ten years of … economic prosperity, essentially debt-financed. The financial crisis of 2008 has revealed deep structural problems in the euro-zone … periphery countries. But the Spanish problems with de-leveraging suggest further difficulties for the euro-zone as it attempts …