” controlling the system, as well as a cohesive or ‘small-world’ structure. This small-world structure, which allows rapid diffusion … of innovation along very short paths, also constrains firms continuously and can lead to a fast reversal of their …

with the pharmaceutical companies and industries in other parts of the world, particularly the US. Over the last two … European countries. As a whole, Europe is lagging behind in its ability to generate, organise, and sustain innovation processes … position of the US as a locus of innovation in pharmaceuticals has increased over the past decade compared to Europe. All in …

This paper explored an unusually comprehensive dataset of more than 2,000 drug R&D projects all over the world during … the 1990s. This enabled us to characterise several features of the innovation process in pharmaceuticals, particularly the …

innovation strategies and innovation activities to pursue three interconnected aims: a) better understand firm behaviour by … analysing qualitative features of innovation processes (motivations, dynamics, linkages among driving factors and collaboration …. The concluding section highlights implications for innovation surveys’ methods, further quantitative analyses, as well as …

performance, too much proximity may even harm innovation (Boschma and Frenken, 2009; Broekel and Boschma, 2011). …