pollution level. The study seeks to examine the pattern and nature of EKC in Africa and major income groups according to World …The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis asserts that pollution levels rises as a country develops, but reaches … a certain threshold where pollution begins to fall with increasing income. In EKC analysis, the relationship between …

states an inverse U-relationship between pollution and income. The presented model specifically shows how a dynamic … environmental Kuznets curve can emerge by introducing pollution and abatement technology in a public spending model of endogenous … that taxes reduce the level of pollution by pulling down the environmental Kuznets curve. Lastly the numerical exercises …

another division of the formal sector, which generates less pollution than the informal sector since the former uses a … in the formal sector may accentuate pollution, even if it involves transfer of EST. Secondly, there might exist a … positive relationship between pollution and national income in the economy both in the presence and absence of transfer of EST …

- sity conservation policies implemented in Africa, i.e. protected areas and we discuss its effectiveness in achieving the …

This article aims at investigating the impact of trade openness on pollution and resource depletion in Nigeria. Results … indicate that pollution is positively related to trade intensity and real GDP per square kilometer, while capital to labor … ratio and GNP are negatively related to pollution. In addition, strong evidence suggests that trade intensity, real GDP per …