substitute some functions of missing institutions, for example, enforcing contracts. In a two period model, there is no contract …

positions. In a probabilistic voting model, we show that a lack of financial institutions can lead to more corruption as more … voters become part of the corrupt system. Well-functioning financial institutions, in turn, can increase the political …

Intrinsically trustworthy agents never cheat. A society's willingness to trust and the quality of its institutions have …

that apathy between the civil service (the embodiment of institutions) and political office holders to be the greatest … stumbling block against the success of governmental economic policy, this creates a hole in institutions since they remain the … institutions were either circumvented or ignored, leading to possible short comings on the overall effect that government economic …

, demography and institutions). Thus, at all stages of development, forcing economic production to spread evenly across areas is … response should be comprehensively total: institutions that unite, infrastructure that connects, interventions that target …

of the variations in institutions. These indicators are adjusted with large-scale movements of people across … population have facilitated the diffusion of knowledge when they migrate. The exogenous component of institutions due to … early development and current economic performance works through the channel of institutions and that better institutions …

institutions and helpful when institutions are good. These arguments have either been theoretical or based on naturally … control. We conduct this experiment in a virtual world (Second LifeTM) to make institutions more visceral. We find support for …