based economy; Pakistan is unable to fulfil her domestic demand of edible oil by local production. This situation forces the …

irrespectively of chosen time period. For both examined samples no direct causal links between growth rates of GDP and imports were … rates of exports and imports only for pre-crisis sample. Some weak evidence of causal link running from growth rate of … imports to exports growth rate was also found for data that covers crisis, which may somehow be interpreted as a confirmation …

The paper investigates the effect of financial development, imports and foreign direct investment (FDI) on output in … existence of cointegration, showing long run relation between financial development, imports, FDI and real GDP. Financial … development, imports and FDI have positive and significant effect on the output of the country. Causality analysis reveals …

This paper introduces a new way of investigating linear and nonlinear Granger causality between exports, imports and … causality from exports and imports to economic growth. However the F-statistic of improved-VEC is larger than VEC indicating …

economic growth in Malaysia with emphasis on both the role of exports and imports. This study treats exports and imports … exports, economic growth and imports and exports and imports. From a policy point of view, investigating the causal links … exports drive economic growth, policy should promote exports, and likewise for imports. …

Like many countries, Spain has gone through a series of financial crises, both before and after its industrialization … there are similarities between recessions throughout the history of Spain. The role of government spending, government …

The aim of this paper is to study the mechanisms through which aggregate demand and income distribution affect the rate … implied by the framework employed allows to determine the influence that demand exerts on economic growth, which also depends …