This report analyzes the spontaneous mobility of Syrian refugees in Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq. To do this, it follows a five-step integrated analytical strategy: first, a review of international experience helps identify factors that contribute to mobility (a.k.a. push and pull factors), then,...

Female labor force participation in the Mashreq is exceptionally low, a problem likely to be exacerbated by the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This report calls for action in the following areas: stronger economic growth, effective policy action to close legal gaps, promotion of more...