Investments in a technology have to consider its current life cycle stage. The widespread approach of studying technology life cycles by measuring patent activity indices, especially patent applications, raises a practical problem: it requires the survey of all applications and applicants on a...

The technology strength expresses the technological competitiveness of a company. One might use a great diversity of technology information to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a firm: expert opinions of the R&D status, market observations, bibliometric data (e. g. information from the...