To become an upper-middle income country by 2035, as targeted in its Vision 2035 document, Cameroon will have to increase productivity and unleash the potential of its private sector. Specifically, Cameroon's real GDP must grow by around 8 percent and 5.7 percent in per capita terms over...

This chapter introduces the main issues associated with population aging, many of which will be investigated in detail throughout the volume. The next section describes the demographic transformation that Brazil has been experiencing and highlights its specific features, including a very rapid...

The public financial management (PFM) performance assessment in Mali covered all central government revenues and expenditures and the institutions responsible for their management. This means that the assessment covered central government ministries and institutions, along with their de...

The purpose of the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment is to provide the Government of Lao PDR (GOL) with a concise, standardized, objective, indicator-led assessment of the country's public financial management (PFM) systems to provide a benchmark against which to...

Mongolia's external economic outlook is dramatically changing as it faces sharp reductions in the copper price, caused by the financial crisis and global downturn. This compels the government now to drastically cut spending to prudently manage the budget. The budget is extremely dependent on...

The Government of Thailand has been undertaking wide ranging public financial management reforms since 1999 across the six core dimensions of Public Financial Management (PFM) performance identified in the performance measurement framework. Key reforms include: (i) the deployment of an...