The note first presents a brief overview of the Croatian railway sector, listing the main challenges that it is currently facing, and identifying the main areas of intervention for the development of a financially sustainable sector, which should guide any thorough sector reform program in the...

During the 1990s, the Turkish economy was beset by frequent economic crises. Fiscal imbalances, high inflation rates, and the subsequent stop and go economic cycles hit the Turkish economy, slowing growth and plunging the country into recession. Spiraling debt and interest payments coupled with...

This Policy Note has been prepared to assist the governments of the Entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to better understand the current conditions of the railway sector,assess the policy options for modernizing it and help chart a course ahead. Railway performance is benchmarked against a number...

Under a succession of reform-minded governments, the Bulgarian rail sector has achieved some ambitious targets-stable traffic volumes and hard-won financial stability that was endorsed by investor confidence during a recent bond issuance for EUR 120 million. Today, all Acquis Communautaires...

Infrastructure needs in the Philippines must be addressed to ensure long term economic growth. After several years of fiscal pressure, the Philippines is now in a position to address these needs. Despite the current international financial situation, the country is now in a position to commit...

Providing at least basic education to all children especially those coming from poor or disadvantaged families is an important factor for increasing chances to improve their lives in the future. Many countries recognize the need to better educate their populations and do so by trying to improve...

Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) has been promoting reforms to help regional integration for effective transport services. The study indicated the need for better traffic management, in general, and, specifically, to face up to the growing congestion problem in the capital cities....

The Government of Georgia is considering options for reducing fossil fuel imports in favor of introducing large scale use of domestic energy sources for public and private transportation. However, this must be considered within the overall context of green transportation-which will generate...

This Policy Note addresses strategic issues facing Poland s transport sector. Despite recent growth and integration within the European Union (EU), the overall quality and efficiency of transport infrastructure and services is still poor. About 40 percent of the national roads network, which...