costs are used as an exogenous measure of import competition. The authors find a positive and robust effect of import … that increased import competition from less advanced economies is the major cause for the positive impact on quality …

People have used steel since ancient times, after blacksmiths discovered that iron became harder and stronger after … being placed in charcoal furnaces. Today, steel is present in virtually every aspect of people's lives, from homes and … hospitals to roads and other infrastructure that provide the foundation for social and economic development. Steel is among the …