its connected poverty trends. The main focus of the authors is understanding, for the case of Brazil, how a trade shock … productivity and stronger growth rates are attributed to trade reform, its contribution to medium-term poverty reduction is rather …

This comprehensive report-actually four compartmentalized reports in one-- focuses on policies to improve Brazil … integration options ? What domestic policies should be adopted to enhance Brazil's export response to trade openness? What policy … results for Brazil, the implications for the distribution of income, and the reallocation of output among sectors. Results for …

agricultural sector and a significant increase in rice productivity. A resulting increase in output has been associated with a …-ante approaches, the authors investigate the implications of the changes in rice productivity and prices for the welfare of households …. They find that the net effects of increased rice productivity and lower rice prices have benefited the poor. Regardless of …

"There is a growing literature that investigates the effect of trade liberalization on productivity. Nearly all such … studies assume that trade policy is determined independently of productivity, hence it is exogenous. The author shows that … the positive effect of liberalization on productivity when they do not account for the endogeneity bias. On the theory …

"This study measures the impact of investment climate factors on total factor productivity (TFP) of firms in Brazil and … productivity. In both countries, and in a variety of industry groups, indicators of poor investment climate, especially delays in … owned firms and firms located in the east. In Brazil, the results present an interesting contrast between the apparel …

purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impacts of these changes in banking on total factor productivity. The authors first … obtain measures of bank level productivity by employing the techniques due to Levinsohn and Petrin (2003). They then relate … their private peers, and that privatization has increased productivity. "--World Bank web site …