. The report starts with the hypothesis that Russia's economy is still "in transition," with further scope to boost growth … powerful determinant of Russia's medium-term growth and long-term prospects. There are other contributors to growth, most … notably, the role that high hydrocarbon prices have played in Russia's rapid recovery from the 1998 crisis. In order to …

. However, growth momentum has slowed since April, indicating that China's recovery remains fragile and dependent on policy … support. China’s GDP growth is projected to rise to a 5.6 percent in 2023, led by a rebound in consumer spending. The economic … recovery offers an important opportunity for policymakers to refocus their efforts on achieving China’s longer-term development …

fiscal management reforms in Russia. It argues that explicit financing of structural reforms is fully justifiable because … these are the investments in the institutional infrastructure with a high rate of return. Furthermore, Russia currently …, can be put in the context of medium-term expenditure framework (MTEF) that evolve in Russia. A general framework is …