capacity of local administrations to operate in the new legal and fiscal environment created by the decentralization reform …

- Almaty and Astana in Kazakhstan, Bishkek and Osh in the Kyrgyz Republic, and Dushanbe and Khujand in Tajikistan - connecting …-related activities, and improving the connections between the six leading cities and major regional markets, such as China, India, Russia …

In 2010, Kazakhstan entered into a customs union with Belarus and Russia. The first, relatively easy step in the … both in Kazakhstan and in the other member countries of the customs union. It is very difficult, however, to assess the …

The Kazakhstan financial sector remains dominated by domestic commercial banks. The banking sector is largely …

This report is structured as follows. Chapter one analyzes the performance of Kazakhstan s trade. Chapter two presents … an overview of recent developments in Kazakhstan regional and international trade integration. Chapter three examines in …

From 2004 to 2007, lending to households in Kazakhstan expanded rapidly at 116 percent average annual growth rate and … to low trust and low incomes. The government of Kazakhstan has developed a program to build confidence in the financial … consumer protection in the four key segments of the Kazakhstan's financial sector-banking, securities, insurance, and private …