"This paper proposes that individuals care about the relative income of proximate reference groups. Making use of self …-reported life satisfaction as a proxy for unobservable utility, the relative income of siblings is tested for relevance as a … reference point for new sample data from Venezuela. Having greater perceived income than one's siblings is found to be …

, incentives, and regional indicators of poverty and inequality. After steadily losing market share, Madagascar has been able to … contributed to raise purchase prices and the cash income of vanilla farmers. But the effect on farmers' consumption remains small … because a large part of it is self-consumed. The effect on aggregate measures of poverty and inequality is even smaller, even …

ongoing work under a joint energy study entitled INGENS - Income Generation through Energy and. Complementary Services. INGENS …