the local level, in response to specific community-level projects. The authors use local-level data to test for … fungibility of World Bank financing of rural road rehabilitation targeted to specific geographic areas of Vietnam. A simple double … difference estimate suggests that the project's net contribution to rehabilitated road increments is close to zero, suggesting …

impacts of rural road projects using household-level panel data from Bangladesh. Rural road investments are found to reduce … output prices. Rural roads also lead to higher girls' and boys' schooling. Road investments are pro-poor, meaning the gains …

protection on exporters;(3) differential rates of technical change; and (4) declines in transport costs. Developing countries as …