the board, there is an urgent need for expenditure restructuring to free up fiscal resources and for reforms to improve … both the central and state governments in India. The fiscal stress of the late nineties gave rise to an intense state … poverty impact of state governments, especially in the poorer states; it also called into question India's overall fiscal …

heavily dependent on oil production and oil exports. With a population of 5.5 million, Congo is a lower middle-income economy …, endowed with abundant natural resources. The economy is heavily dependent on oil production, which accounted for 45 percent of … rather than a public expenditure review was undertaken because revenue mobilization is critical for Congo to restore fiscal …

, and industry officials everywhere generally anticipate the increasing competitiveness of India in high technology … activities. Using a structural framework, the author argues that Bangalore's (and India's) information technology (IT) industry … the commercial IT industry. To strengthen Bangalore's and India's innovation system, the Indian business model must be …

expenditures, and fiscal balance-will a budget system be truly transparent in terms of revenue-raising activities and expenditure … effects of tax expenditures, as well as the fiscal accountability and transparency of tax expenditure spending. In short, tax … expenditures affect (1) the budget balance, (2) budget prioritization in allocation, (3) the effectiveness and efficiency of fiscal …

(1) the adverse fiscal impact of trade liberalization, (2) the defiscalization of agriculture in the 1970s, (3) the … VAT, trade reform can have adverse fiscal consequences. Using a SMART model partial equilibrium analysis developed by … test the fiscal and trade implications of additional trade liberalization in Niger. First, the preferred tariff regime in …