series of recent World Bank and other studies on teacher absence and incentives for performance. Surprise school visits … these shortcomings, but also on the types of incentives, management, and support structures that can improve motivation and …

Tax incentives neither make up for serious deficiencies in a country's investment environment nor generate the desired …

"Under the traditional "competition-fragility" view, more bank competition erodes market power, decreases profit … margins, and results in reduced franchise value that encourages bank risk taking. Under the alternative "competition … suggest that - consistent with the traditional "competition-fragility" view - banks with a greater degree of market power also …

Competition can drive productivity growth in Kosovo, especially in the context of the post-Coronavirus disease 2019 … recover from economic shocks more quickly. Competition in product markets can also prop-up economic recovery in a more … inclusive way for the poorest households. Kosovo has made significant progress towards pro-competition regulation of product …

"Infrastructure projects are often technically complicated and highly customized. Therefore, procurement competition … tends to be limited. Competition is the single most important factor toward auction efficiency and anti-corruption. However …, the degree of competition realized is closely related to bidders' entry decision and the auctioneer's decision on how to …