, encompassing employment, innovation, education, poverty and social inclusion, and climate/energy. An overarching goal of the Europe … each of the EU Member States. The European council used three measures of poverty and social exclusion: at risk of poverty … rate, a measure of relative poverty defined as the percent of the population with incomes less than 60 percent of the …

Georgia has an impressive record of reforms and is on a steady track of poverty reduction, butensuring that of its all … barriers and, due to them, have persistently lower outcomes e.g., access to quality education, health, employment, and income …

"This paper proposes that individuals care about the relative income of proximate reference groups. Making use of self …-reported life satisfaction as a proxy for unobservable utility, the relative income of siblings is tested for relevance as a … reference point for new sample data from Venezuela. Having greater perceived income than one's siblings is found to be …

, incentives, and regional indicators of poverty and inequality. After steadily losing market share, Madagascar has been able to … contributed to raise purchase prices and the cash income of vanilla farmers. But the effect on farmers' consumption remains small … because a large part of it is self-consumed. The effect on aggregate measures of poverty and inequality is even smaller, even …

ongoing work under a joint energy study entitled INGENS - Income Generation through Energy and. Complementary Services. INGENS …