exchange rate volatility, and (b) trade and financial openness may have a potential role of mitigating and/or amplifying real … openness to exacerbate or mitigate real exchange rate volatility. The authors collected information on the real effective …) High real exchange rate volatility is the result of highly volatile productivity shocks, and sharp oscillations in monetary …

. "--World Bank web site …

performance, evolving patterns of specialization, Romania's competitiveness in EU sunrise markets, changes in factor intensities … of trade with the EU, and 'intra-product' trade, Kaminski and Ng conclude that Romania's export offer has become … maintaining macroeconomic stabilty and keeping wage increases in line with productivity growth, as well as increasing Romania …

"Javorcik, Saggi, and Spatareanu use a firm-level panel data set from Romania to examine whether the nationality of … cover some but not other source economies. In this case, the Association Agreement signed between Romania and the European … American or Asian multinationals. Therefore, one would expect that American and Asian investors source more from Romania than …