"This paper examines the implications of bank activity and short-term funding strategies for bank risk and returns … using an international sample of 1,334 banks in 101 countries leading up to the 2007 financial crisis. Expansion into non …-interest income generating activities such as trading increases the rate of return on assets, and it may offer some risk …

There has been significant development of Mali's banking sector in recent years, but it remains shallow, and access to … banking services is limited. With the opening of a new bank in 2014, there are now 14 commercial banks operating in Mali …. There has been a positive evolution of the banking sector in Mali from 2009-13. There have been a number of changes in …

"The recent global financial crisis has shaken the confidence of developed and developing countries alike in the very … blueprint of financial and macro policies that underlie the western capitalist systems. In an effort to contain the crisis from … longer term policy responses to crisis management, this paper draws on a large body of research evidence and country …

root causes of the crisis, distinguishing them from scapegoating explanations that have been used in policy circles to … credit ratings proved so inaccurate, and why it is superficial to blame the crisis on mark-to-market accounting, an … implications of the crisis for Basel II and its implementation. The paper argues that the principal source of financial instability …

"An apparent temporary narrowing of income inequality has been observed during several recent banking crises. But it …, distributional shifts during the crisis may be less important than the fact that underlying financial policy and infrastructures … conducive to crisis can also be associated with more unequal societies."--World Bank web site …

banking business in low-income countries; (2) the growing internationalization of these markets through the presence of … putting all their eggs in the supervisory basket. Greater disclosure, for example, of how risk taking is rewarded and how … (pillar three) is much more likely to be of use in most developing countries than addressing the refinements of the risk …