"A family preference for sons over daughters may manifest itself in different ways, including higher mortality, worse … developing world, namely the likelihood of continued childbearing given the gender composition of existing children in the family … that latent son preference in childbearing is more likely to manifest itself when fertility levels are low. As a result of …

's example shows how good public policy interventions in health (including family planning) and education can reduce fertility … providing basic services such as health care and education. Iran's fertility decline may have proceeded in two stages, the first … beginning in the late 1960s. The Iranian government introduced a family planning program during the 1960s with explicit health …

interventions that pertain to fertility and family planning. The paper consists of five sections. First, this section defines the …The objective of this paper is to discuss some obstacles and opportunities presented by population processes in order … HNP, two areas fall within population: (1) reproductive, maternal, and sexual health issues, and the health services that …

' behavior, the authors examine fertility decisions made in Vietnam between 1976 and 1996. They find that birth cohorts in … health and education. While parental characteristics seem to affect fertility choices and human development simultaneously …, the analysis suggests that family planning is one key mechanism leading to the observed differences in outcomes: in a …