"Measured by the Gini coefficient, income inequality in Brazil rose from 0.57 in 1981 to 0.63 in 1989, before falling … in the literature, namely sharp declines in the returns to education; pronounced rural-urban convergence; increases in …

rural China. First, they assume nonfarm income as an exogenous transfer to total income to decompose the Gini index. Second …

, decomposing social welfare into real income level and variance components and emphasizing Gini and Atkinson indexes. They embed …

with extending this analysis of redistribution to other forms of international factor flows-more specifically, migrant …

-poor vertical redistribution. Without the horizontal redistribution and re-ranking, the Gini coefficient for China might have fallen … devised to decompose the redistributive effect of a tax to analyze the extent to which vertical redistribution associated with … changing incomes over time is offset or reinforced by horizontal redistribution and re-ranking. He uses panel data from China …

system in terms of incentives and redistribution. It starts with an overview of institutional arrangements, programs, and … could 'correct' incentives by making redistribution more transparent and progressive. A behavioral life-cycle model …