composition and expectations. Present day internal population movements relate to more conventional forms of migration within …

"The authors analyze recent efforts at international cooperation to limit illegal migration, particularly through the … use of legal migration avenues like guest worker schemes. They show that while guest worker schemes may be desirable as an … avenue of international migration, they are an inefficient instrument to induce cooperation on illegal migration. On the one …

would be unlikely to be accepted under existing migration channels. Nevertheless, the program workers from Vanuatu tend to …

"Temporary migration programs for unskilled workers are increasingly being proposed as a way to both relieve labor … permanent migration. New Zealand's new Recognized Seasonal Employer program is designed to enable unskilled workers from the …