the 1991-2000 period to investigate the relationship between lobbying spending and agricultural protection. A detailed … sectors the majority of contributions are made by very few PACs. Econometric analysis reveals that lobbying spending by … strong association between the average U.S. tariff on goods that benefit from U.S. export subsidies and lobbying spending …

Latin American exporters and U.S. importers' lobbying efforts have a significant and important role in determining the …

delivery and regulation has adverse long-term effects on households. The term "quiet corruption" is introduced to indicate … service provision) that do not involve monetary exchange. The prevalence of quiet corruption and its long-term consequences …

"This paper examines the impact of reducing corruption and improving transparency to lower trade costs in the Asia … corruption. Results suggest that trade in the region would increase by 11 percent and global welfare would expand by …

"This paper assesses corruption levels and trends among countries in the transition countries of Eastern Europe and …. Data from firm surveys tend to show improvement in most types of administrative corruption, but little change in "state … capture" in the region. Broader, subjective corruption indicators tend to show somewhat greater improvement in ECA than in non …