This report aims to provide an overview of potential opportunities to participate in clean tech value chains, using new and evolving analytical tools from the World Bank Group that may help inform national policymaking around the EU's targets for clean-tech manufacturing. The focus is on four...

This is a technical note for the 2011 the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) carried out in Mexico. The focus of this document is the new technology-enabled channels to scale up financial access being employed. Key issues such as a pro-inclusion policy environment and harnessing...

This note focuses on the regulatory and market environment relevant to the emergence and adoption of innovative delivery channels to promote greater financial inclusion in Malaysia. Financial inclusion is defined here not only as providing access to financial services, but also as enabling and...

Digital technologies, such as digital payments or social media, have the potential to boost business growth; however, female entrepreneurs face barriers to digital adoption. EAPGIL partnered with the Finance, Competitiveness, and Innovation Global Practice at the World Bank and the Indonesian...

In 2010, Kazakhstan entered into a customs union with Belarus and Russia. The first, relatively easy step in the implementation of the customs union was accomplished in 2010 with the adoption of a common external tariff, with varying exceptions in each of the three member countries. It is the...

The purpose of this study was to assess the current state of existing traceability systems in Vietnam's fruit and vegetable (F&V) value chains, examine pertinent policies and regulations, share international good practices and explore their potential applicability to Vietnam, and examine the...

"Past research into the determinants of international trade highlighted the importance of the basic spatial gravity model augmented by additional variables representing sources of friction. Studies modeled many sources of friction using various proxies, including indices based on expert judgment...