In 2009, in the midst of the financial crisis, analysts were concerned that banks in Nepal were dangerously overexposed to inflated real estate and equity markets. Nepal's Central Bank (NRB) decided to evaluate its commercial banks, but needed outside expertise and assistance for stress-testing...

The livelihoods of the world's poor rise and fall with the fate of agriculture. Enhancing the ability of smallholders to connect with the knowledge, networks, and institutions necessary to improve their productivity, food security, and employment opportunities is a fundamental development...

It is generally believed that information and communication technologies (ICTs) can empower teachers and learners, promote change and foster the development of '21st century skills, but data to support these beliefs are still limited. There is widespread belief that ICTs can and will empower...

Best practice exists for most issues relating to uses of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education at the school level. Despite the wealth of documentation mentioned, little if any of this knowledge and information appears to have been incorporated into planning for and...

Most recent African indigenous knowledge (IK) literature, especially in agriculture, emphasizes that Africans are informed innovators. This literature is filled with success stories; excellent examples of local innovations and discoveries include crop breeding, grafting against pests, water...

Teacher training and on-going, relevant professional development are essential if benefits from investments in information and communication technologies (ICTs) are to be maximized. A shift in the role of a teacher utilizing ICTs to that of a facilitator does not obviate the need for teachers to...

Local innovation refers to the dynamics of IK - the knowledge that grows within a social group, incorporating learning from own experience over generations but also knowledge gained from other sources and fully internalized within local ways of thinking and doing. Local innovation is the process...

Indigenous knowledge and local initiatives are usually documented and disseminated by outsiders, who make their own interpretations in the process. Participatory Video (PV) provides an opportunity for rural people to document their own knowledge and experiences and to express their wants and...

Knowledge can be classified into (i) explicit, which can be easily recorded (e.g., books) and (ii) tacit, which cannot be always articulated. However, much of this tacit knowledge can be shared. The conversion of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge is called externalization. Farmers possess...

Traditional Knowledge systems are the essence of the social capital of the poor and the source of their survival strategies. Rooted in tradition, TK is also contemporary knowledge, defined by its inherently dynamic nature. It is constantly evolving as individual and community responses to the...