"Under the traditional "competition-fragility" view, more bank competition erodes market power, decreases profit … margins, and results in reduced franchise value that encourages bank risk taking. Under the alternative "competition …-stability" view, more market power in the loan market may result in greater bank risk as the higher interest rates charged to loan …

"The relationships among competition in the financial sector, access of firms to external financing, and associated … economic growth are ambiguous in theory. Moreover, measuring competition in the financial sector can be complex. In this paper … Claessens and Laeven first estimate for 16 countries a measure of banking system competition based on industrial organization …

voluntary mechanism. "--World Bank web site …

microfinance institutions have been moving away from group-based contracts. "--World Bank web site …

Economist, Latin America and the Caribbean Region"--World Bank web site …

accountability, and funded by the World Bank institute, New Delhi. Sound public procurement policies and practices are among the …

in 2005 by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Bank, was designed to support countries in …