This policy study on universal access to electric power (universal service) in China is based on research conducted by … the China Electricity Regulatory Commission in 2006. China's policy on universal service has three facets: First … China were surveyed, with emphasis on six major metropolitan regions. A comparative study was made of the Chinese postal and …

to the development of weather index-based insurance, is the availability of complete meteorological data. Limitations … with the data are related to restrictions in weather station coverage (density), and problems with the quality (errors and … development of weather insurance contracts. Section four summarizes the main conclusions. …

This paper reviews the status of weather and climate services in Europe and Central Asia (ECA).Worldwide, the accuracy … and value of weather and climate services are rising, bringing great economic benefits. However, many National … often missed. Much more could be done to mitigate weather disasters, support the productivity of smallholding and commercial …

managers and development professionals, who are not insurance sector specialists, to weather index insurance. Ultimately, the … paper seeks to take the reader through the main decision points that would lead to a decision to embark upon a weather index …

strategy for addressing the financial weather risks facing the agricultural sector of Jamaica. As such, it identifies the … various options from current available financial risk transfer instruments for addressing crop weather risks for small farmers … weather risk management; fourth section contains the elements of public policy and investments to support market development …

This report uses new measures of extreme weather and methodologies to gauge their welfare effects. A myriad of … methodological issues and data constraints plague empirical work on the effects of extreme weather events on human welfare. The … investment policies in fostering them; 3) capacity needs assessments; and 4) the human welfare effects of extreme weather events …

contract. Although coffee was also recommended for inclusion in a weather insurance pilot project as an important export crop …