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Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010523412
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outputs is patents. The main variables related to innovation inputs are investment in research and development (R&D) and … include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation … of innovation outputs and inputs by looking at the over-time behavior of the relevant series and comparing the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010522426
A functional review by the World Bank of Romania's research, development and innovation (RD&I) sector has been … World Bank Higher Education Review team and the EC's DG Research and Innovation -- presents observations and recommendations … extensive literature research and data analysis, as well as three missions to Bucharest in January, March, and April 2011 …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012557949
"Using a new global data base on patents and innovation inputs, the authors examine the process of knowledge creation … measured by the dynamic relationship between research and development and U.S. patents granted. They confirm at the country … developing countries by testing for the impact of measures of the functioning of the national innovation system-the set of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010522461
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How much Indonesia spends on research and development (R and D) financing, where it spends it, and how it spends it …'s policy aims. For the most part this PER will concentrate on the public R and D system, that is, the institutions and research …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012561003
"For decades the world's agricultural markets have been highly distorted by national government policies, but very differently for different commodities. Hence a weighted average across countries of nominal rates of assistance or consumer tax equivalents for a product can be misleading as an...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011394158
"Despite recent reforms, world agricultural markets remain highly distorted by government policies. Traditional indicators of those price distortions can be poor guides to the policies' economic effects. Recent theoretical literature provides indicators of trade and welfare-reducing effects of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011394159
"This paper uses a computable general equilibrium model to assess the welfare impact of commodity price inflation in Tanzania and possible tax policy responses in the short, medium, and long term. The results suggest that global commodity inflation since 2006 may have had a significantly...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010520999