outputs is patents. The main variables related to innovation inputs are investment in research and development (R&D) and … include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation … of innovation outputs and inputs by looking at the over-time behavior of the relevant series and comparing the …

"Using a new global data base on patents and innovation inputs, the authors examine the process of knowledge creation … measured by the dynamic relationship between research and development and U.S. patents granted. They confirm at the country … developing countries by testing for the impact of measures of the functioning of the national innovation system-the set of …

A functional review by the World Bank of Romania's research, development and innovation (RD&I) sector has been … World Bank Higher Education Review team and the EC's DG Research and Innovation -- presents observations and recommendations … extensive literature research and data analysis, as well as three missions to Bucharest in January, March, and April 2011 …

authors find that the stock of human capital, the level of domestic innovation and technological adaptation, and the level of ….15 percentage point. In terms of innovation, the authors find that a 20 percent increase in the annual number of USPTO patents …

Inclusive innovation seeks to expand access to essential goods and services, thereby improving quality of life, and … directly at the needs of excluded populations. Inclusive innovation is of high relevance for the Chinese authorities, but the … innovation, yet has recognized the importance of inclusive innovation in addressing increasing disparity between the rich and …

donors to support the research, exploration, development, and implementation of bridge solutions that consider a local …