and lower teaching quality when in class. The authors document that health problems-primarily teachers' own illness and … are unable to substitute adequately for teaching inputs. Excess teaching capacity that allows for the greater use of …

information and communication technologies (ICTs) are to be maximized. A shift in the role of a teacher utilizing ICTs to that of …-centric' teaching styles to more 'learner-centric' methods. Pedagogical practices of teachers using ICTs can range from only small … enhancements of teaching practices, using what are essentially traditional methods, to more fundamental changes in their approach …

work and impact of all development partners would be enhanced if the multiple linkages between public finance, security …, and development were explicitly taken into account. At the extreme, in some cases better public finance management could … complementary tools to analyze the security sector from the point of view of public finance management, service delivery, and …